KORUPSI SUMBER DAYA ALAM, KETERLIBATAN KORPORASI, DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP HAK ASASI MANUSIA
(1) Universitas Indonesia magister student
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Aktivitas korporasi secara signifikan telah mampu mempunyai pengaruh dan dampak besar terhadap hak asasi manusia (HAM). Kelangkaan minyak goreng kemasan yang terjadi pada 2022 akibat izin ekspor minyak mentah sawit (crude palm oil) memiliki hubungannya dengan tata kelola pangan (food governance) yang gagal mengatur korporasi (regulating corporation). Kegagalan ini termanifestasikan melalui dominasi dan hegemoni korporasi dalam tata kelola yang berdampak pada ketahanan pangan kolektif (collective food security) atau kedaulatan pangan (food sovereignty). Negara kini semakin tidak mampu menanggapi realitas HAM di lapangan. Tata kelola pangan mencakup tindakan pengambilan keputusan, penetapan peraturan, dan penggunaan wewenang terkait dengan pangan. Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana praktik tata kelola sawit membuka peluang penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dan korupsi sumber daya alam. Kemudian lebih jauh juga melihat bagaimana dampak Hak Asasi Manusia dari keterlibatan korporasi dalam kasus korupsi izin ekspor CPO, dengan merujuk Korupsi sumber daya alam bermula dari fasilitas ekspor komoditas minyak sawit mentah (crude palm oil/CPO) dan produk turunannya. Korupsi sumber daya alam ini melibatkan tiga korporasi yang mendominasi tata kelola sawit di Indonesia. Korupsi ekspor CPO merefleksikan korupsi sebagai bagian dari fenomena politik yang memperlihatkan bekerjanya kekuasaan terhadap distribusi sumber daya dengan melibatkan korporasi. Kasus korupsi sumber daya alam ini menghambat aksesibilitas minyak goreng yang telah menjadi kepentingan umum, maka minyak goreng semestinya dikategorikan sebagai barang publik (common good).
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v17i1.16614
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