FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF CIHERANG VARIETY SUPERIOR RICE FARMING IN PARIGI VILLAGE, BAKARANGAN DISTRICT, TAPIN REGENCY

This study aims to analyze the superior rice farming of the Ciherang variety including the costs, revenues, income, profits, and feasibility of the Ciherang variety superior rice farming in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency. This research was conducted in May 2022. The data was collected in the form of primary data and secondary data using the Census sampling method. Analysis of the data used is a qualitative analysis that is processed descriptively and a financial analysis to calculate the cost, revenue, income, profit, and feasibility of Ciherang rice farming. The results showed that the average production was 4.337,5kg/farmer. The average total cost is Rp 11.931.789/farmer, the average revenue is Rp 18.056.250/farmer, the average income is Rp 9.227.469/farmer, and the average profit received by farmers is Rp 6.124.461. The ratio R/C value is 1,53. Thus, the superior rice farming of the Ciherang variety in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency is feasible to cultivate.


Introduction
Indonesia is an agricultural country where the majority of the population works in agriculture.Agriculture plays a very important role in fulfilling basic needs and supporting the economic welfare of the Indonesian population.Business in the agricultural sector is divided into 5 sub-sectors, namely the sub-sectors of food crops, plantations, forestry, fisheries, and animal husbandry.One of the commodities produced by the sub-sector of food crops is rice which is one of the agricultural products which is the main staple food of the Indonesian population.
Tapin Regency is one of the districts in South Kalimantan Province where some of the people cultivate rice crops and rice fields.Tapin Regency has a rice harvesting area of 88,820 ha in 2021 with production reaching 410,274 tons (BPS, 2021).One of the sub-districts in Tapin Regency that produces rice is Bakarangan District with an area of 6,747 ha of paddy rice harvesting area with a production of 34,570 tons.
Parigi Village is one of the other 12 villages in Bakarangan District, where the majority of people work as rice farmers.In 2021, there was 200 ha of paddy fields, including local and ORIGINAL ARTICLE Uniska PPJ-JST superior varieties, one of which was variety 2 Ciherang.The production of rice varieties in Parigi Village is the highest in Bakarangan District and is one of the suppliers of superior rice or Ciherang in the Tapin Regency area (BPP Bakarangan, 2021).
According to Toto (2018), Ciherang rice is a superior rice variety derived from IR64.In addition to having high yield potential, the shape of the grain is slender, long clean yellow, and fluffy rice texture.This is what makes the Ciherang variety attractive to farmers and consumers.In addition to high yield potential and good taste, Ciherang rice also has resistance to several pests and diseases.This factor makes Ciherang rice the main choice of farmers and the number one variety planted by farmers in Indonesia, including people in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency.
Ciherang rice which has become rice has a fairly high selling price, which ranges from Rp.10,000 -Rp.11,000/Kg.Apart from taste, Ciherang rice is in great demand, especially by residents and its surroundings.On the other hand, Ciherang rice farmers never calculate how much profit they receive each planting season.Whether or not the farming activities they have done so far are feasible because they only aim for their consumption, it is just that sometimes they sell the rest of the harvest.
This study aims to analyze the farming business of superior rice varieties of Ciherang by knowing the technical cultivation, the number of costs, revenues, income, profits, and feasibility as well as what problems are faced by farmers of superior rice varieties of Ciherang in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency.

Time and Location
This research was carried out for one month in May 2022 in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan.

Data Types and Sources
This research includes quantitative and qualitative data.Data sources collected include primary data and secondary data.Primary data were obtained through site observations and direct interviews with 16 respondent farmers using a questionnaire that had been prepared.While secondary data is obtained from various related research reports or related agencies.

Sampling
The population of farmers who try to farm superior rice of the Ciherang variety in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District, Tapin Regency is 16 people.The sample was taken from 100% of the total farming population.This study uses a census method where if the population is less than 100 people, then the number of samples is taken as a whole, but if the population is more than 100 people then 10-15% or 20-25% of the total population can be taken (Arikunto, 2012).

Data Analysis
Descriptive analysis is carried out to answer the first and third research objectives.Descriptive analysis in the form of an understanding or description of the technical cultivation of superior rice varieties of Ciherang and the problems faced by farmers by making observations and interviews directly at the research site.While financial analysis is carried out to answer the second goal by collecting data including costs, production amounts, prices, revenues, income, profits, and business feasibility in the Ciherang variety superior rice farming business.The components calculated in the financial analysis are shown as follows: Income is derived from the overall revenue earned minus all explicit costs incurred during the production process (Kasim, 2004).It can be in the formula kan as follows: I = TR -TCE Information: I : Income TR : Total receipts TE : Total explicit cost 4. Profit is an activity that reduces some of the costs incurred with the sales results obtained.
If the salesresults obtained are reduced by these costs, the value is positive, then a profit is obtained (Sukirno, 2012).It can be formulated as follows: π = TR -TC Information: Π : Profit TR : Revenue TC : Total cost 5. Business Feasibility Level using R/C ratio, obtained from the comparison between revenue and cost.An R/C ratio value greater than 1 indicates that the effort made by the industry or company is worth working towards.The high value of the R/C ratio is due to the production obtained and the price which greatly affects the revenue (Soekartawi, 2002).Even Point (BEP) condition of not getting a profit and not experiencing a loss/breakeven (Soekartawi, 2006).

Technical Cultivation of Ciherang Rice
The technical cultivation of superior rice varieties of Ciherang carried out by farmers in Parigi Village, Bakarangan District includes seed preparation, seedbeds, planting, maintenance, harvesting, and post-harvest (Fig. 1).

Financial Analysis Cost
The

Maintenance
• Harvesting is done in a modern way using a combine, when the Ciherang rice enters the age of 90-100 HST (there is an explanation if at least 90% of the rice is physiologically ripe) • Farmers sell their crops in the form of grain to collectors • For personal consumption, set aside production as much as 200-500 kg or as needed.

Income
Income is the difference between farm revenue and explicit total costs incurred.The average explicit cost per farmer is IDR 8,635,250/season, and the average revenue per farmer is IDR 18,056,250/season.After the average revenue minus the average explicit cost, the total income of Ciherang rice farming in Parigi Village is obtained with an average income per farmer of Rp 9,421,000 / season.
1.The total cost used is divided into two: explicit costs and implicit costs.It can be formulated as follows: TC= TCE + TCI Information: TC : Total cost TCE : Total explicit cost TCI : Total implicit cost Uniska PPJ-JSTDepreciation calculation based on the straightline method(Kasim, 2004) is presented in the formula as follows: or purchase price of the tool (Rp) Ns : Economic residual value or price (Rp) Up : Economical life 2. Revenue is the multiplication between the amount of production produced and the selling price of the product.Total revenue in farming is obtained from physical production multiplied by the production price(Suratiyah,  2009).Mathematically, the revenue can be written as It can be calculated by the formulation: the R/C ratio ˃1 then Ciherang rice farming is worth working on, b.If the R/C ratio ˂1 of Ciherang rice farming is not feasible, c.If the R/C ratio = 1, then the Ciherang Rice farming business experiences a Break

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Technical Cultivation of Ciherang Variety Rice Rice farming revenue is the amount of production multiplied by the price.The price received by farmers is the price of collectors who come to buy farmers' rice products.The results of research from Ciherang rice farming in Parigi Village showed that the average season period/farmer was 4,337.5 kg with an average price/farmer of IDR 4,500/kg.So the revenue in one time average production/farmer is Rp 18,056,250/season.• Preparing the seeds used for 1 ha of land area carried out by respondent farmers in Parigi Village as much as 30 kg on average • The seeds are first soaked in a salt water solution (200 grams of salt for 1 liter of water) • The seeds are soaked for 24 hours (every 12 hours the soaking water is replaced) • Then the seeds are ripened again for 24 hours until the seeds appear Seeds Preparation • The seeding area for 1 hectare of land is 400m 2 (4% of the planted area) and the drainage must be good • Land fertilization is done after sowing the seeds • The fertilizer requirement used is 2.5 kg of Urea and 5 kg of NPK.• Rice seeds are ready to be transferred to the planting field after they are 15-20 days old • The age of the seeds used is 10done at the beginning of the planting period (about 5-7 hst) • Weeding/Spraying: Done in 2 stages, when the rice is ± 15 HST and the second is when the rice is ± 30-35 HST • Fertilization: Done when the rice is 7 hst, 21 hst and when the rice is 35-40 hst • Pest and disease control: Includes rats, stink bugs, green leafhoppers, stem borers, leaf caterpillars and leaf spot (Control: virtako, regent, chix and score)

Table 1 .
Explicit and Implicit Costs and Total Cost of Farm