PROGRAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING PRIBADI SOSIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI SISWA

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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi atas fenomena banyaknya bermunculan boarding school dengan siswa yang memiliki keragaman budaya atau memiliki latar belakang budaya yang berbeda. Kergaman budaya tidak hanya menunjukkan kekayaan budaya tetapi memungkinkan munculnya prasangka-prasangka yang menjurus ke perselisihan antar siswa, pelanggaran norma sosial karena egois budaya masing-masing. Untuk menumbuhkan kebersamaan, toleransi dan penghargaan terhadap budaya lainnya siswa perlu memiliki kemampuan penyesusaian diri, terutama dalam menghadapi keragaman budayanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode deskriptif pengembangan (research and development) yang diarahkan sebagai a process used to develop and validate educational product (Borg dan Gall, 1989). Produk penelitian ini adalah program bimbingan dan konseling pribadi sosial untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penyesuaian diri siswa. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK Negeri 2 Banjarmasin yang tergolong boarding school dengan keragaman budaya siswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program bimbingan dan konseling pribadi sosial secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan penyesuaian diri siswa terhadap keragaman budaya. Artinya program yang disusun telah mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran terhadap budaya sendiri, budaya lain, norma atau sistem nilai yang berlaku dalam lingkungannya, dan memiliki kemampuan bagaimana berperilaku dalam lingkungannya.

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This research is motivated by the phenomenon of many emerging boarding schools with students who have cultural diversity or have different cultural backgrounds. Cultural diversity not only shows cultural richness but allows the emergence of prejudices that lead to disputes between students, violations of social norms due to the selfish culture of each. To foster togetherness, tolerance and respect for other cultures students need to have the ability to adapt themselves, especially in dealing with cultural diversity. This research uses a quantitative approach and descriptive method of development (research and development) which is directed as a process used to develop and validate educational products (Borg and Gall, 1989). The product of this research is a personal tutoring and social counseling program to improve students' adaptability abilities. The study was conducted at the SMK Negeri 2 Banjarmasin which was classified as boarding school with the diversity of students' cultures. The population of this study was grade X students. The research findings showed that social counseling and personal counseling programs were significantly able to improve students' adaptability to cultural diversity. This means that the programs that have been prepared have been able to increase understanding and awareness of one's own culture, other cultures, norms or value systems that apply in their environment, and have the ability to behave in their environment.